Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Therapies and Therapeutics

The evolution of resistant strains is a natural phenomenon which occurs once microorganisms replicate themselves or when resistant traits are exchanged between them. The use and misuse of antimicrobial drugs enhances the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Designing safe and effective drugs specifically antiviral is difficult, because viruses use the host's cells to replicate. Recent reports showed that infection in human can occur by close contact with pets (dogs and cats). As cultural detection of some bacteria like Arcobacter is time consuming and not confirmatory, various DNA based protocols have been developed for rapid and accurate identification of Arcobacter species. phenotypic methods have been described for typing bacteria (including bio typing, serotyping and phage typing schemata), in the case of phage- and serotyping schemes, not widely available. Molecular epidemiology is the understanding of the pathogenesis of disease by identifying specific pathways, genes and molecules that influence the risk of developing disease. Reverse Zoonosis refers to Infectious diseases that are found in humans which can be transmitted to animals. Bacteria and viruses that are deadly to one type of creature can evolve quickly to infect another. Increasing human population, travel, and the global food business increase the likelihood that viruses will jump from animals into humans, the same factors ensure the reverse spread as well – often with dire consequences for zoological parks and wild and domestic animals. Hence the central element of modern technology treatment is the Nano patch™ array itself which consists of a 1 cm2 square of silicon with ~20,000 micro projections on its surface - invisible to the naked eye.